A single standard calibration module for flow analysis systems based on solenoid microdevices

Only two computer-controlled microsolenoid devices, namely two micropumps or one micropump and one microvalve, are sufficient for the construction of on-line dilution modules useful in several flow analytical systems for the calibration using single standard. Three simple constructions of such modules were tested and compared. The most promising is the one based on the concept of a microvalve controlling dilution ratio of the standard and a solenoid micropump playing a double role: solution pumping device and mixing segments homogenizer. All investigated modules were tested with paired emitter detector diode (PEDD) as photometric flow-through detector and bromothymol blue as a model analyte. The best module was implemented into more advanced flow-injection system dedicated for optical detection of alkaline phosphatase activity using UV-PEDD-based flow-through detector for the enzyme reaction product.     

IrMn基反铁磁自旋阀的巨磁电阻效应

用第一性原理方法研究了在微观尺度具有三重对称磁结构的IrMn合金的反铁磁自旋阀(AFSV)的电子输运.研究表明:基于有序L1₂相IrMn合金的Co/Cu/IrMn自旋阀的巨磁电阻(GMR)效应具有三重对称性,可以利用这一特性区分反铁磁材料的GMR与传统铁磁材料的GMR.基于无序γ相IrMn合金的IrMn(0.84 nm)/Cu(0.42 nm)/IrMn(0.42 nm)/Cu(0.42 nm)(111) AFSV的电流平行平面构型的GMR约为7.7％,大约是电流垂直平面构型的GMR(3.4％)的两倍,明显大于实验中观测到的基于共线磁结构的FeMn基AFSV的GMR. 关键词： 反铁磁自旋阀 巨磁电阻效应 非共线磁结构 电流平行平面结构     

Nonlinear mathematical modeling of butterfly valves driven by solenoid actuators

This paper describes high fidelity modeling and analysis of the opening and closing processes of butterfly valves driven by solenoid actuators using multiphysics models. The equations are derived and solved numerically. The variable of primary interest is the butterfly valve rotation angle. The coupled model for electromagnetics, fluid dynamics and mechanical dynamics are derived by making some simplifying assumptions. It is shown that the behavior of hydrodynamic torque plays an important role in the closing and opening processes. A discussion is presented with an explanation of the results and a comparison has been made for both the processes.     

锥阀附近水力特性的三维数值模拟研究

采用可压缩的两相流模型,辅以Realizable k-ε湍流模型来模拟锥阀附近的水流水力特性,对于自由水面的处理采用了VOF法。通过对计算的压力场以及流线的分析,指出锥阀在水力消能中的作用。数值模拟结果与试验资料的比较分析表明两者吻合较好,从而验证了该模型在锥阀湍流模拟中的可靠性。     

300% magnetocurrent in a room temperature operating spin-valve transistor

Here we present the realization of a room temperature operating spin-valve transistor with huge magnetocurrent (MC=300%) at low fields. This spin-valve transistor employs hot-electron transport across a Ni₈₁Fe₁₉/Au/Co spin valve. Hot electrons are injected into the spin valve across a Si–Pt Schottky barrier. After traversing the spin valve, these hot electrons are collected using a second Schottky barrier (Si–Au), which provides energy and momentum selection. The collector current is found to be extremely sensitive to the spin-dependent scattering of hot electrons in the spin valve, and therefore on the applied magnetic field. We also illustrate the role of the collector diode characteristics in determining the magnetocurrent under collector bias.     

Exchange bias and spin valve systems with Fe–Mn antiferromagnetic pinning layers, obtained by the thermo-ionic vacuum arc method

Exchange bias and spin valve systems with Fe–Mn antiferromagnetic layers of different Fe concentrations were obtained by the thermo-ionic vacuum arc method. The adherence of the multilayer system to the Si substrate depends on the Fe–Mn composition. The overall roughness depends on the growing order of the antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic layers. Very low blocking temperatures for exchange bias were observed for the considered compositions of the Fe–Mn layer. The coercive forces of both the pinned and the free layers of spin valve structures can be considerably modified along a large set of samples simultaneously prepared.     

压缩空气管路系统的设计与制作

设计与制作了一种压缩空气管路系统，该系统简易、实用，适用于替代昂贵的高压瓶装Ｎ２，充当电动控制的气动开关的气源。     

Spin transfer torques

This tutorial article introduces the physics of spin transfer torques in magnetic devices. Our intention is that it be accessible to beginning graduate students. We provide an elementary discussion of the mechanism of spin transfer torque and review the theoretical and experimental progress in this field. This article is meant to set the stage for the articles which follow in this volume of the Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, which focus in more depth on particularly interesting aspects of spin-torque physics and highlight unanswered questions that might be productive topics for future research.     

维修线性流量阀时的内筒设计问题

针对问题1,利用微元法证明了面积特性曲线保持线性的必要条件.探索了内筒孔为四种特殊形状下,线性关系比较良好.利用最小二乘原理建立了无约束条件泛函极值模型.通过对内筒孔曲线的合理假设,得到了线性关系较好的内筒孔曲线形状.针对问题2,利用最小二乘原理建立了有约束条件泛函极值模型,设计出最优内筒孔形状.通过牺牲严格的线性关系使其逐渐满足两个约束条件,设计出最优的内筒孔形状.最后考虑外筒孔磨损情况提出了基于自动控制理论和逆向工程技术等方法.     

线性流量阀内筒形状设计

对2006年全国研究生数学建模赛试题C题进行了数值和解析分析,提供了一种解题思路及相应的参考解答.